Aiming at the problem that the cooperative spectrum sensing vulnerable to falsify data attacks in cognitive radio network, a cooperative spectrum sensing scheme with against SSDF attack based on test statistic and extreme studentized deviate test Earphones was proposed.Firstly, the differential evolution algorithm and weighted gain combining soft d
To improve the efficiency of the electric vehicle (EV) drive systems and EV performance, the use of multi-speed transmissions and distributed drives has been studied extensively.In addition, to develop efficient and compact drive systems, new clutch solutions are needed.In this paper, we propose an in-wheel two-speed automatic mechanical transmissi
Handwritten documents are, as always, highly challenging for recognition tasks compared to printed documents.Rather than using isolated characters as elementary components for recognition, practical documents use words or character strings.In any handwritten recognition task, the segmentation of lines and words plays a pivotal role as the outputs p
Authorship Verification (AV) is a text classification task concerned with inferring whether a candidate text has been written by one specific author (A) or by someone else ( $overline {A}$ ).Itehas been shown that many AV systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where a malicious author actively tries to fool the classifier by either conceali
Abstract Background Detailed modelling of the neutral mutational process in cancer cells is crucial for identifying driver mutations and understanding the mutational mechanisms that act during cancer development.The neutral mutational process is very complex: whole-genome analyses have revealed that the mutation rate differs between cancer types, b